The Dam
BY HUGH S. JOHNSON
(1882-1942)
THERE
had been no warning of the
war. The Pacific cables had ceased
to work and the Atlantic fleet voyaged
southward. Then, the lifting fog-curtain
across Monterey Bay disclosed the
Japanese transports riding at anchor in the
offing. The puny flower of the American
army was destroyed at a blow, and the
great, half-trained colossus that now lay
sprawled along the edge of the last green
strip of California, with the desert
behind it, and a new Japanese Empire in
front, was the remaining hope of the
Union on the Coast.
For the country had settled earnestly
to the bitter business of war. It had
strengthened the remnant of that
early-destroyed army of laymen, in every way
that six months' time can strengthen an
army. There were sent to it thousands of
eager but untrained volunteers,
hundreds of guns, and mountains of
supplies. Eagerness and guns and supplies
do not make armies and of this fact the
invaders at least were confidently aware.
Japan had been very busy, organizing
to remain, taking toll for the cost of
war, and converting the mountain passes
into miniature Port Arthurs. Up to this
time they had paid scant heed to the
huddled and defeated remnant that still
held the gate of the last feasible avenue
of attack from the states beyond the
mountains. The time had come to seal
that gap and render themselves as
securely in possession as hills and desert
could make them.
Perhaps they had waited a month too
long. The American general, Eblee, was
a theoretical soldier, but he was, first of
all, an organizer and he had done good
work. It was true, that at his back, were
only the desert and the shimmering rails
of the Southern Pacific leading across it
to safety. But his right flank rested firmly
in the mountains, his left in a strong
position on the Mexican frontier, and his
center was manned by his best troops.
"They will strike our left and try to
crumple it back on the center, and then
push us from our railroad and into the
mountains," the General predicted. "If
they succeed, we're lost but they wont
succeed."
The American extreme right consisted
of two regiments of cavalry, posted at
the great dam of the Santa Symprosa
Irrigation Project.
"Where that wild Indian, Bolles," the
General said, "won't have any chance to
go cavorting around with his 'splendid
survivals,' getting in the way of good
infantry, and spoiling what little strategy
there is in this war."
Eblee did not believe in cavalry. He
had even decried the rear-guard work
of Bolles' regiments, which same work
had saved the remnant of the First Army
in its long flight down the length of
California. The general was a soldier
of the new Germanic school, with which
nothing could have been more at outs
than that same hard-riding, irreverent,
chance-taking Bolles who, with his
admiring and sympathetic troopers, was
enduring his banishment from the
supposed seat of war with the worst of
grace. To Bolles, Eblee sent a bespectacled
and well-crammed Lieutenant,
fresh from a service school.
"To instill a little modem science into
your command," the tactless order said.
Considering that Bolles had been chasing
White Mountain Apaches across the
Arizona alkali, when the Lieutenant was
still kicking on a counterpane, he, Bolles,
was not vastly pleased.
"Look here, Napoleon," was his
greeting, "I have no doubt at all of your
ability and acquirements, but I wish
you'd demonstrate them for me by
figuring out the stresses and strains of the
Santa Symprosa dam, the amount of
water it backs up, and the country it
controls."
"That will keep him busy for ten
days," Bolles explained to the British
Observer, who had insisted upon remaining
at Cavalry Headquarters in spite of
many invitations from the General, "and
by that time I expect doings along this
line."
"But why the dam? I should think you
could get all that information if you
have the faintest need for it."
"Heavens, man, I don't care a blue
fig about the dam it'll keep him from
messing with my troops, wont it?"
"Oh," said the Guards' Major, "I
see."
In the fullness of their own good time
the Japanese turned their attention to the
growing army in the South, and out in
front of Eblee's long line their perfectly
ordered divisions began to take positions
on a parallel range of hills.
For five days the forces lay facing each
other across the valley of the Santa
Symprosa, with no other evidence of either's
presence than the helios winking from
the crests by day and the rare bar of a
search-light's beam against the sky by
night.
Then began a week of scientific sparring.
An aeroplane chugged and whirred
across the American lines at a thousand
feet, one morning at dawn. It drew a
sputtering fire from the Japanese hills,
and then, swooping toward it from the
invaders' signal station, came the first
of the blue Odzu monoplanes to be seen
in the war. The American had the wings
of his pursuer and he began a sweeping
reconnaissance of the whole line. Over
the center, he ran fairly counter of a
vertical battery firing "marking" shells,
that left a parabolic wake of stringy,
heavy smoke, and finally brought the
American to the earth, wheeling and
tumbling out of the sky like a wounded
sand-hill crane.
Patrols were wrangling in the valley
and finally a force of Japanese cavalry
struck Eblee's right flank, driving in
Bolles' outposts, where the narrow gorge
of the Santa Symprosa cañon debouches
on the valley. It was their first real
experience with American dragoons. Upon
them descended Bolles like an angry
deity. He caught them in the open,
slashed them with short-range fire and
drove them pell-mell to their hills and
the cover of their artillery. But they
came back, to follow an erratic course
down Eblee's front. They were checking
the reports of their aeroplanes and
patrols. After they disappeared, there
was an ominous quiet for two days and
then along the whole left wing of the
American army, from the center to the
very Mexican line, the Japs opened the
ball with their guns.
They sprayed the trenches with indirect
shrapnel fire and hunted the hills
for the range. Then they found the American
artillery positions and proceeded
methodically to pound them. The gunners'
work in that battle was a bit of
well-turned beauty. One by one, Eblee's
field-pieces withdrew from the Yankee
chorus, and they did it so plausibly that
even the General was not certain that
his artillery had not been duly silenced.
The ruse worked well, for on the heels
of the last salvos, came the premature
infantry advance and, over the distant
sky-line, the long black columns began
to pour. They disintegrated in the V
of the valley and came out of the cover
of the trees along the stream, in a slender
cordon of skirmishers that looked,
through the field glasses, like a string of
infinitesimal beads on an invisible wire.
They were about half-way up the
defenders' slope when every gun in the
American left wing opened on them. A
horizontal sheet of shrapnel and
machine-gun fire struck them like a blight.
They crumpled but came on, and down
to the cover of the trees rushed their
reserves.
The American infantry had just
opened fire when a staff-officer brought
Eblee Bolles' message, reporting activity
in the front of that detached and
forgotten position in the hills. The general
was quite ready to stand firm in the
strength of his prophecy.
"Mere demonstration on our right,"
he said, not taking his glasses from his
eyes. "Tell Major Bolles that we are in
full possession of the details of this
attack and you might add, Caldwell, that
he needn't be alarmed."
Squatting at the far end of the field-buzzer Bolles received this message and
swore.
"I needn't be alarmed needn't I?
As if I couldn't get out of the way of
any skip-two-and-carry-a-dozen
saddle-colored-serfs-of-the-Orient that have ever
shouldered a rifle I needn't be alarmed.
Well when the end of this theoretical,
Deutcherized line crumples like a jack-knife,
we'll see who needs to be alarmed."
"You really needn't, you know,
Major," ventured the well-crammed
Lieutenant. "They have nothing to gain by
attacking us in force here and all the
German authorities are unanimous "
He got no further.
"Slow up, Von Moltke. I don't know
what the German authorities say about
the Santa Symprosa dam, but American
common-sense says that it controls this
theatre of operations like an electric
push-button " Bolles stopped suddenly
as though distracted by something in
his own words. The lieutenant thought
that "something" was their rather rough
jocularity. He smiled faintly,
patronizingly.
"Oh, that's all right, Major. I don't
mind a little chaffing."
Bolles heard this remark no more than
he noticed the good-natured sarcasm of
Major Barwell-Carruthers, of the
Guards:
"You don't seem to have much
influence with your general, Bolles."
Forty miles away, the General was
beaming with elation. For the infantry
fire of the defenders had completed the
work of the guns. From where Eblee
stood he could see below him a few
squat figures, staggering like drunken
men in a yellow fog. But the fog was the
heavy, saffron smoke of exploding shells
and the dust and earth kicked up from
the hillside by the withering fire of his
own rifles and guns. It lay along the
valley as far as he could see. In its cover
the broken Japanese line had hesitated
a moment only a moment; after that,
it went scuttling down the hill in chaotic
rout. Already news of an American
victory was being blocked out before cheering
crowds on a thousand bulletin boards
throughout the states. It was the first
reversal of humiliation and utter gloom
in the six months' war, and it produced
an hysterical enthusiasm that peace-time
words cannot suggest. Stores and
offices were not closed. They were
deserted with open doors, and the streets
were filled with mobs of joy-crazed
people.
Eblee was certain of what to expect
now. The enemy's attack had developed
exactly as he had deduced it. They were
trying to force him from the railroad and
destroy him in the hills. He knew that
the assault would be repeated and he
began drawing fresh troops from his center
and even from the far-off right flank.
"Bolles at the Santa Symprosa dam
two regiments of cavalry " the
chief of staff read, from his list of available
reserves.
"Oh, cavalry has no bid to this party,"
Eblee ordered, "leave 'em there. If we
get that badly stalled we can send for
'em."
All that night troops from the center
and right were stumbling in through the
darkness to be assigned to positions by
sleepy staff-officers who had been in the
saddle for hours on end. With the dawn
came the opening guns of the renewed
attack. In retrospect, there was something
unusual about that attack that, in
the elation of its repulse, Eblee cannot
be blamed for overlooking, any more
than he blamed himself, when Bolles'
second message came growling over the
field-buzzer:
"Force of Japanese of all arms marching
up the gorge of the Santa Symprosa
cañon. Conservative estimate forty
thousand men. Reports indicate that it is
the Second Japanese Field Army Field
Marshal Tsushima. You might add for
me to the General, Caldwell, in a purely
unofficial way, that I, personally, am not
in the least alarmed, though I am sure
that the Right of the Line is completely
enveloped and the last position for
American troops is rendered untenable.
We may be able to put up a bluff and
hold 'em for an hour they're ten miles
away say four hours in all. I'm waiting
orders."
It is difficult to make clear enough the
significance of Tsushima's flanking movement in the Battle of Santa Symprosa.
The frontal attack on Eblee's left wing
had been a colossal feint, to allow the
approach, on an unprotected portion of
the American position, of an overwhelming
force, which (once it had reached
the dam), by its mere presence decided
the battle more completely than any
amount of firing and death could ever
decide it. Eblee was not only checkmated,
he was rendered helpless, boxed,
tied and tagged for transportation. He
knew it before his aide had half-finished
the stammered message. To his credit be
it said that his first thought was of the
waiting, cheer-hoarse Americans, whom
he had deceived by his early confident
messages of victory. Eblee was not a
strong man; he was only a superficially
brilliant one and he had been completely
cozened. He sat limply down upon a
rock and his flushed, tired face dropped
to his knees and folded arms. The chief
of staff assumed control.
Out at the dam, Bolles' two regiments
were standing "to horse" in columns of
masses, eagerly watching the little group
of waiting officers about the box of the
field-buzzer on the ground. Bolles was
fully as bitter in his rage and disappointment
as Eblee could possibly have been,
but he was a different stamp of man. He
could even reply to the chaffing of the
British attaché.
Major Barwell-Carruthers had had
much to suffer in his weeks with Bolles.
A camp-intimacy that allowed it had
sprung up between them, and the
distinctively American Bolles had lost no
opportunity and overlooked no racial
peculiarity, in that time. The South-Sea
generic term of "lime-juicer" had been
shortened to mere "lime," and not one
time honored quip had been forgotten.
Major Carruthers' day had come, and
he was making gentle use of it. "You've
got to give it to the little beggars, Bolles.
Right up to your back-door and your
outposts all asleep I say, old fay-low,
it's rough. You'd better show 'em your
heels their infantry will catch you."
"Don't you worry about their infantry,
Lime; they haven't got the Santa Symprosa
dam yet, you know."
"There's no use holdin' 'em, I'd say
even if you could. The General
couldn't possibly get enough troops here
to do any good, in ten hours' time. The
refreshin' audacity of 'em though!
Marchin' up a cañon that way. They
wouldn't have done that if they hadn't
known you Yankees were asleep. Too
risky and gives you too good a chance to
pot 'em. As it was, it screened the movement
from the aeroplanes and the like.
Oh, you've got to give it to 'em."
Some thought of his own was filling
Bolles with heightening and helpless
anger.
"If I could only reach the artillery
ammunition column," he fumed,
half-aloud, "I'd fix 'em yet."
"Artillery column? You'd better get
to the rear and try to escape the general
capture. You'll look fit after you've
lived on the fish and rice diet of a prison
camp for a year. Why are you waitin'?"
"I'm waiting to see how much time the
general wants."
"He'll get the time Japanese infantry
needs to march nine miles it's precious
little."
Bolles started to reply when the man
at the receiver interrupted.
"Message comin' over, sir," he said.
Bolles took the receiver.
"Yes," he called, "Bolles Santa
Symprosa dam."
"The general's orders are that you
withdraw toward the center. Other
advices confirm the report that our right
flank is completely turned. Destroy all
supplies. The general also says that you
should have obtained information of this
movement long before you did. He holds
you responsible. We're completely done
for."
Bolles' face became crimson with
anger. He mumbled something into the
mouth-piece.
"What's that?" came clearly over the
wire. "Didn't you get the message?"
"Didn't get a word of it," growled
Bolles. "Something the matter with the
line." And he reached out where the
black thread of the buzzer lay along the
ground, grasped it in a strong hand, and
before ten witnesses deliberately jerked
it asunder.
"Now, Lime," he bantered as he got
to his feet, "I'll bet you a month's pay
against your Whippy saddle that I hold
the Japs in the cañon until until until
the General gets away."
There was one idea dominant in the
mind of Eblee's chief-of-staff. That was,
to get as many men as his limited time
would let him aboard the trains that lay
waiting in black and puffing ranks on
the newly built switches of the main
base, and away toward the safety of the
states. He kept a brave show of force on
the front where three successive Japanese
attacks had been repulsed on the
preceding days, but back at the base, where
the night was lighted to a ghastly day
by the flames of the fires that were
forever saving great hillocks of supplies
from Japanese capture, and the shrieking
of locomotive whistles drowned all
sound, and the confusion of hurrying
men made passage perilous, regiment
after regiment was being loaded on
anything that ran on wheels. He had hoped
for ten hours, and when that time had
dragged by, and a second relay of freight
cars came rumbling out of the desert, he
stopped long enough to say to the General:
"It's not as bad as we thought, sir.
Five brigades of the First Field Army
have been entrained. New cars are here
and there aren't any more reports from
Bolles."
"It's bad enough," groaned Eblee.
"Think of Washington think of the
States! After we'd reported a victory,
too. Oh, I don't want to go back I don't
want to go back "
Looming like a specter in the red glare,
a staff-officer galloped straight for
temporary headquarters and began calling
the general's name.
"Here " said Eblee wearily, "here
I suppose it's all over now."
The boy threw himself from his horse
and stood panting and trying to speak.
A group of disconsolate correspondents
looked up from the brims of their pulled-down
hats, and finally rose and drew
closer. No one interfered with them.
"Message from Major Bolles sir,"
gasped the aide. "He presents Marshal
Tsushima's unconditional surrender
Fifty thousand men sir colors and
guns for God's sake get troops
there general, it's a bluff and it
may bust any moment "
The Japanese advance, marching up
the floor of Santa Symprosa cañon, heard
firing on the plateau above them and on
both flanks. Their service of information
had been perfect, and the firing
disturbed no one. They knew that they could
reach the Santa Symprosa dam before
any considerable force could cut them
off. They had placed flank guards in
advance of their columns on both sides of
the cañon's walls guards with strength
enough to brush Bolles' little force aside
without so much as stopping. Field Marshal
Tsushima glanced smilingly up at
the cliffs that rose a sheer five hundred
feet on either side of his massed columns,
but he did no more.
Ten minutes later an aide signaled
down from above. An officer stopped to
take the message, but the staff did not
draw rein. Then the man galloped up
and turned in his report.
The General began reading it, marching,
but before he was half through it he
raised his hand for "halt." There was
more signaling and at last, that signaling
became frantic. The firing had ceased
and the whole Japanese army was
receiving word to stand fast. There was a
ripple of excitement that became a
questioning murmur. For Field Marshal
Tsushima, after more wig-wagging and
many exclamations, dismounted and
made a scrambling, painful way up a
zigzag trail to the top of the cañon, to a
consultation with an American major,
who had given good and sufficient
reasons for not coming down.
Marshal Tsushima was met by officers
of the right flank guard and conducted
to a large flat rock on which were spread
maps, tracings and blue prints of the
Santa Symprosa dam. A white flag of
truce was leaning against a tree, and an
officer in American khaki was languidly
explaining something to an interpreter,
who was excitedly retailing it to a pushing,
craning circle of Japanese officers.
"You can see for yourself, sir," Bolles
drawled, when the gist of his previous
talk had been retailed to the general,
"the dam is three hundred feet high and
half-a-mile long. Here are the figures on
the water it backs up," and he proffered
a closely-covered sheet, sprinkled with
Greek symbols and footed by an underscored
result, in which the word "gals"
tailed off a row of figures that covered
the bottom of it from edge to edge.
"Here is a contoured map of the cañon,
showing the 'fall' we get. You see the
gorge narrows again, below here, about
opposite where your supply-trains are
now. Labor could have been saved by
building the dam there, but it wouldn't
have given the tremendous 'head' of
water we need here, for power. Now, sir,
we have the whole Symprosa dam fairly
honey-combed with Rack-a-Rock. Here
is an elevation of the front face we
weren't taking any chances, you perceive.
There are about three tons of explosive
more or less." The last sheet was a
wide blue print on which had been
traced with red ink the current lines of
an electric detonator that ramified to
power charges indicated on the wall of
the dam. "As I started to say, sir, you
can see from this that fourteen minutes
after I give the signal to the look-out,
standing over there on the peak of
Conduit Point, all the ground that your army
now occupies will be covered with a
torrential flood of fifty feet of water. A
few of your men might escape but it's
extremely doubtful." Bolles hesitated a
little and stammered becomingly.
"You will understand, sir," he went on,
"that when the time came for me to act,
I found myself unable to take the
responsibility for such an unprecedented
destruction of human life, without giving
you some opportunity of avoiding it."
There was bickering and there was
bluster, and many requests for armistices,
and time to consult superiors
deprecations of unheard of methods of
warfare, and diplomacy, and references
to the precepts of the Geneva Convention.
Bolles had not played twenty years
of poker for nothing. He made one great
concession when he allowed a detail of
Japanese officers to be conducted to the
dam. One sight of it was enough.
At a black box of a friction detonator
a young officer was waiting with his hand
on the plunger, intently watching a
sergeant who stood on the opposite wall, a
red flag held horizontally and well away
from his body. From the base of this
box a cable of black cords lay fifty yards
across the ground to the cañon wall and
there ramified into many strands that
ran to different points across the curving
face of the dam. A sentinel kept the
investigators at a respectful distance. A
troop of dismounted men heightened the
effect from the shelter of every rock and
tree, prepared for and safe from any
terrific explosion that might occur.
The stupendous audacity of "Bolles'
Bluff" may be bruited down the ages,
but history holds no moment of more
acute suspense than the one Bolles
suffered while the Japanese staff was
jargoning its report to its general. What
they were saying was:
"Sir, there is an officer standing over
the dam who holds in the crook of his
finger the life of every man in the gorge."
What Bolles' rather vulgar imagination
feared they were saying was:
"Sir, the cables are cavalry lariats,
blackened with harness dressing, the
charges are mud-daubs on the wall, the
detonator if all the rest were real is,
on its face, inadequate, and this man has
the American Doctor Cook kicked into
a corner and begging for mercy as the
teller of historic and colossal lies."
But it was not until the last Japanese
prisoner had toiled up the incline that
leads out of the Symprosa cañon, and
the last wagon of the captured supply
train had gone creaking into park, that
even Eblee was informed of the details
of the surrender of Tsushima. And that
was when Major Barwell Carruthers,
Military Observer for the British Army,
handed to the General a splotchily
stained and (at close range) palpably
counterfeit electric detonator.
"Allow me to present you, sir," he
begged, "as a suggested pedestal for
Major Bolles' statue in your Hall of
Fame, one empty, but forever glorified,
hard-tack box."
And beyond the desert, a nation, not yet
fully enlightened, was aflame with joy.